Il 21 gennaio del 1977 moriva in semipovertà e in condizioni di salute estremamente precarie Sandro Penna, uno dei poeti più originali e “rivoluzionari” della nostra tradizione letteraria.
Cesare Garboli, suo biografo e studioso, nei Penna Papers scrive: «Penna è il solo poeta del Novecento il quale abbia tranquillamente rifiutato, senza dare in escandescenze, la realtà ideologica, morale, politica, sociale, intellettuale del mondo in cui viviamo». E Garboli ha davvero ragione. Del resto se c’è un intellettuale italiano che, già negli anni ‘30, ebbe il coraggio di raccontare liberamente in versi (e non solo) il suo amore per i ragazzi e il suo eros omosessuale fu senza dubbio Sandro Penna.
Poeta epigrammatico e chiarissimo, allergico a qualsiasi ambiguità e compromesso, ebbe la determinazione di mettere tra parentesi la Storia e il Mondo, realizzando così un discorso poetico del tutto autonomo, lontano sia dalla “teologia negativa” di matrice montaliana sia da qualsiasi altra consolidata tradizione lirica nostrana.
Il poeta Piero Bigongiari definì giustamente la poesia di Sandro Penna «un fiore senza gambo visibile». D’altronde, come poteva essere visibile il gambo “poetico” di una poesia che rifiutava, in nome della verità del desiderio e dell’amore, una Storia e un Mondo che erano da sempre ostili ed estranei alla natura di quell’amore e di quel desiderio?
Il gambo della poesia di Penna era nel suo anelito alla felicità e alla liberazione. Un anelito vissuto con pacatezza e pudicizia ma mai rinnegato. Mai dimenticato.
La grandezza della lirica di Penna sta proprio nella semplicità con cui il poeta perugino diede vita, per la prima volta nella storia della poesia italiana, all’universo dell’amore omosessuale, che era fatto sì di incontri occasionali e passionali rendez-vous negli orinatoi, ma raccoglieva anche il bisogno di essere amati, di essere riconosciuti, di essere visibili e felici incuranti di qualsiasi convezione borghese e di qualsiasi moralistica censura del tempo. Nei suoi componimenti, insomma, c’era sia la carne sia il cuore, sia l’amplesso fugace sia il grande amore.
È d’uopo ricordare che Penna, pur rattristandosi per la censura, non censurò mai un suo verso, mai rinunciò alle armonie del suo immaginario poetico per compiacere i moralisti (Il mondo che vi pare di catene/ tutto è tessuto d’armonie profonde).
Ecco perché oggi, in tempi di rigurgiti reazionari e “ideologie forti”, bisogna volgere lo sguardo alla bellezza che brilla ancora, sempre con lo stesso fulgore, nei versi di Sandro Penna, faro di libertà e coerenza per tutte e tutti.
Luca Baldoni, poeta, saggista e autore dell’antologia di poesia gay Le parole tra gli uomini (Robin, 2012), a proposito di Sandro Penna ha dichiarato: «Sandro Penna è stato, oltre che grande poeta, un animo libero e coraggioso. Nell’Italia fascista e poi democristiana la sua voce avrebbe potuto indicare una strada diversa a molti. Purtroppo, come molti poeti, rimase un emarginato quando avrebbe potuto essere una guida.
Oggi il Comune di Roma apporrà una targa sulla sua casa di via della Mole dei Fiorentini, nel cuore della città che amava. Un omaggio frutto degli sforzi di Elio Pecora e Roberto Deidier, che da anni curano la memoria del poeta, e a cui mi unisco spiritualmente con molto affetto».
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