Il 9 ottobre, dopo l’udienza pubblica che si terrà a Palazzo della Consulta, la Corte Costituzionale dovrà pronunciarsi sulla legittimità o meno di formare in Italia un atto di nascita in cui vengono indicate due donne come mamme di un bambino di nazionalità straniera.
Il caso è stato sollevato dal tribunale di Pisa che, con ordinanza depositata il 15 marzo 2018, ha sollevato il dubbio di legittimità costituzionale della normativa che «non consente di formare in Italia un atto di nascita in cui vengano riconosciute come genitori di un cittadino di nazionalità straniera due persone dello stesso sesso».
Protagoniste della vicenda, due donne, una italiana e una statunitense, che, sposate nel Wisconsin nel 2014, hanno avuto, tramite fecondazione eterologa in Danimarca, un bambino. Partorito a Pisa dalla statunitense, ha dunque acquisito cittadinanza straniera dalla madre gestazionale.
La causa, che ha portato alla trasmissione degli atti alla Consulta, è stata avviata dopo che l’ufficiale dello stato civile del Comune di Pisa si è rifiutato di ricevere la dichiarazione di nascita espressa congiuntamente dalla cittadina statunitense, quale madre gestazionale, e dalla cittadina italiana quale madre intenzionale, in forza del consenso dato alla fecondazione eterologa.
I giudici Nicola Antonio Dinisi, Marco Viani ed Enrico D’Alfonso hanno ravvisato un contrasto tra la circostanza che la madre intenzionale – la quale ha dato il proprio consenso alla procreazione assistita (ed è, secondo l’ordinamento straniero, sposata con la madre gestazionale) – risulti genitore secondo la legge straniera applicabile a questo caso e l’impossibilità di formare in Italia un atto di nascita, in cui un figlio risulti avere due genitori dello stesso sesso.
Per questo, hanno sollevato dubbi di legittimità costituzionale: la preclusione alla formazione di un atto di nascita del genere limiterebbe «il diritto di persone che, in base alla legge straniera applicabile, sono legate da un rapporto di genitorialità-filiazione di vedere riconosciuta pienamente in Italia la loro formazione sociale».
Relatore della causa alla Consulta sarà il vicepresidente della Corte, Mario Rosario Morelli. Interverranno in udienza i legali delle due donne, gli avvocati Alexander Schuster e Vincenzo Zeno Zencovich, e quelli del curatore speciale del bambino.
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